Tag Archives: toxic perennial

Native plant: Veratrum californicum

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White false hellebore (Veratrum californicum) can be identified from the similar green false hellebore (Veratrum viride) by its spreading to ascending panicle branches and white flowers. The latter species has drooping panicle branches in the inflorescence and creamy green flowers. White-false hellebore can be found in vernally moist meadows in the mountains across central and eastern Oregon as well as in lower elevation meadows west of the Cascades and along the Pacific coast.

Common Name: Corn Lily
Water Use: High
Light Requirement: Sun to semi- shade, will not tolerate full shade
Moisture: Moist – Wet
Soil: Loam (medium); Clay (heavy); Sandy (light) if it stays wet.
Attributes: Bold showy plant; White flowers on tall stocks
Note: Cut back when leaves turn brown
Uses:  Native Gardens; Wetlands; Wildflower; Woodland;
Native: Western North America (elevations 3,500ft – 11,000 ft)

Warning: Veratrum californicum has poisonous leaves and roots. The roots are 5 to 10 times as poisonous as leaves or stem, so take special care when handling. Veratrum califoricum causes severe birth defects and death in sheep and in various rodent species.  There are also incidents of llamas, alpacas, goats and cows being affected. Deer and gophers do not bother this plant.

Veratrum californicum Photo by: Klamath Siskiyou Seeds

Article by: Lucretia Weems and Carlotta Lucas

Beware of Giant Hogweed!

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If Only it Were Science Fiction!
By Josie Goodenow, Bee Chairman
Taken from the WACONIAH Newsletter- August 2018

CBS has confirmed there is a new threat to America. But, it doesn’t come in the form of criminal aliens, terrorists, or warfare. The latest danger can be found growing in backyards and neighborhoods.

The name of the botanical menace is Giant Hogweed, Heracleum mantegazzianum, and it is creating a giant headache for some of the people in Clark County, Virginia. The plant can cause “third-degree burns and even blindness.” Residents should contact authorities if they think they spot one… the danger is very real. Researchers at the Massey Herbarium at Virginia Tech have found no less than 30 of the ominous plants. The weed is related, oddly enough, to the carrot, one of the best foods for humankind’s healthy eyesight. Yet, unlike a carrot, these monstrosities can grow to a towering 14 feet in height. The leaves alone can be two feet in diameter and are often crowned with large, inviting white flowers on top. The crowns make a rather eye-pleasing umbrella shape, and they “look similar to Queen Anne’s Lace” but are far “chunkier.

For obvious reasons, those at Virginia Tech are asking anyone who sees one to report it and to NOT touch it. The worrisome weed has been known to sprout up in “New

York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maryland, Oregon, Washington,Michigan, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine,” so it is not isolated this year. The reason for the astute caution?

Experts warn that the “sap contains toxic chemicals known as photosensitizing furanocoumarins.” This chemical compound makes anyone who comes in contact with the plant very, very vulnerable to light. “Black, painful blisters” can develop, and they leave scars on the body in many cases.hogweed burns

In the worst cases, a person who touches the plant can develop light sensitivity for the rest of their lives. If the sap gets into a person’s eyes, perhaps by the rubbing of the eyes, blindness results. All of this has led The New York State Department of Health to issue some guidelines. Those who do, by curiosity or error, touch the plant, are to use cold water to remove the threat and avoid sunlight. Also, seeking medical help is STRONGLY suggested since a “toxic reaction can begin as soon as 15 minutes after contact.”

For those “stuck outside,” sunscreen is advised when dealing with the effects of this unsettling plant. Compresses “soaked in an aluminum acetate mixture” can offer some help to people dealing with skin irritation, an almost certainty when coming in contact with Giant Hogweed. As for saving one’s sight if the sap gets in, a person’s eyes need to be rinsed with water, sunglasses should be worn, and a health professional contacted ASAP.

Birds and waterways spread the dreadful plant, and New York health officials have said, “to not mow, cut or weed whack the plant, as it will just send up new growth and put you at risk for being exposed to sap — the same kind of thing that would happen with poison ivy or sumac. Seek advice from professional plant control specialists about management options.”  They added, “If you must touch giant hogweed, wear disposable rubber gloves, a long-sleeved shirt, and pants. If you get sap on your clothes, carefully remove the clothing to avoid skin and eye contact and wash separately from other clothing with warm water and detergent.”

So, as rats and bedbugs make an epic comeback, as the Black Death and Ebola loom in the wings, Giant Hogweed is reaching up from the ground to blind everyone.
If ONLY it were science fiction!
Oregon Giant Hogweed Alert: https://www.oregon.gov/ODA/shared/Documents/Publications/Weeds/GiantHogweedBrochure.pdf

Seattle, WA – Noxious Weed Alert!
Giant hogweed, a Class A noxious weed, is a toxic perennial that reaches 15 feet tall and often grows in urban areas, such as yards and empty lots. In sun, sap that contacts skin can cause severe blisters and even scars. Stems have reddish-purple bumps and stiff white hairs. Leaves are deeply incised and 3-5 feet wide, with hairy leaf ribs but hairless leaf undersides. Mid-May to July, produces 2-foot-wide umbrella-shaped clusters of small white flowers that go to seed in July. Reproduces by seed.  Because of the risk of injury when handling this plant and the difficulty of distinguishing it from the native plant cow parsnip, we recommend contacting the noxious weed program for a positive identification and advice on control methods before removing.

https://www.kingcounty.gov/services/environment/animals-and-plants/noxious-weeds/weed-identification/giant-hogweed.aspx